The Ultimate Guide to High Availability with MariaDB
This is a read-only copy of the MariaDB Knowledgebase generated on 2024-12-22. For the latest, interactive version please visit https://mariadb.com/kb/.

UPPER

Syntax

UPPER(str)
UCASE(str)

Description

Returns the string str with all characters changed to uppercase according to the current character set mapping. The default is latin1 (cp1252 West European).

UCASE is a synonym.

SELECT UPPER(surname), givenname FROM users ORDER BY surname;
+----------------+------------+
| UPPER(surname) | givenname  |
+----------------+------------+
| ABEL           | Jacinto    |
| CASTRO         | Robert     |
| COSTA          | Phestos    |
| MOSCHELLA      | Hippolytos |
+----------------+------------+

UPPER() is ineffective when applied to binary strings (BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB). The description of LOWER() shows how to perform lettercase conversion of binary strings.

Prior to MariaDB 11.3, the query optimizer did not handle queries of the format UCASE(varchar_col)=.... An optimizer_switch option, sargable_casefold=ON, was added in MariaDB 11.3.0 to handle this case. (MDEV-31496)

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