CHANGE MASTER TO

Syntax

CHANGE MASTER ['connection_name'] TO master_def  [, master_def] ... 
  [FOR CHANNEL 'channel_name']

master_def:
    MASTER_BIND = 'interface_name'
  | MASTER_HOST = 'host_name'
  | MASTER_USER = 'user_name'
  | MASTER_PASSWORD = 'password'
  | MASTER_PORT = port_num
  | MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY = interval
  | MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD = interval
  | MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'master_log_name'
  | MASTER_LOG_POS = master_log_pos
  | RELAY_LOG_FILE = 'relay_log_name'
  | RELAY_LOG_POS = relay_log_pos
  | MASTER_DELAY = interval
  | MASTER_SSL = {0|1}
  | MASTER_SSL_CA = 'ca_file_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CAPATH = 'ca_directory_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CERT = 'cert_file_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CRL = 'crl_file_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH = 'crl_directory_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_KEY = 'key_file_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CIPHER = 'cipher_list'
  | MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT = {0|1}
  | MASTER_USE_GTID = {current_pos|slave_pos|no}
  | MASTER_DEMOTE_TO_SLAVE = bool
  | IGNORE_SERVER_IDS = (server_id_list)
  | DO_DOMAIN_IDS = ([N,..])
  | IGNORE_DOMAIN_IDS = ([N,..])

Description

CHANGE MASTER is used on a replica to setup or change replication settings for connecting to the primary.

Multi-Source Replication

If you are using multi-source replication, then you need to specify a connection name when you execute CHANGE MASTER. There are two ways to do this:

• Setting the default_master_connection system variable prior to executing CHANGE MASTER.
• Setting the connection_name parameter when executing CHANGE MASTER.

default_master_connection

SET default_master_connection = 'gandalf';
STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   MASTER_PASSWORD='new3cret';
START SLAVE;

connection_name

STOP SLAVE 'gandalf';
CHANGE MASTER 'gandalf' TO 
   MASTER_PASSWORD='new3cret';
START SLAVE 'gandalf';

Options

Connection Options

MASTER_USER

The MASTER_USER option for CHANGE MASTER defines the user account that the replica will use to connect to the primary.

This user account will need the REPLICATION SLAVE privilege (or, from MariaDB 10.5.1, the REPLICATION REPLICA on the primary.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_USER='repl',
   MASTER_PASSWORD='new3cret';
START SLAVE;

The maximum length of the MASTER_USER string is 96 characters until MariaDB 10.5, and 128 characters from MariaDB 10.6.

MASTER_PASSWORD

The MASTER_PASSWORD option for CHANGE MASTER defines the password that the replica will use to connect to the primary as the user account defined by the MASTER_USER option.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   MASTER_PASSWORD='new3cret';
START SLAVE;

The maximum length of the MASTER_PASSWORD string is 32 characters. The effective maximum length of the string depends on how many bytes are used per character and can be up to 96 characters.

MASTER_HOST

The MASTER_HOST option for CHANGE MASTER defines the hostname or IP address of the primary.

If you set the value of the MASTER_HOST option to the empty string, then that is not the same as not setting the option's value at all. If you set the value of the MASTER_HOST option to the empty string, then the CHANGE MASTER command will fail with an error. In MariaDB 5.3 and before, if you set the value of the MASTER_HOST option to the empty string, then the CHANGE MASTER command would succeed, but the subsequent START SLAVE command would fail.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_HOST='dbserver1.example.com',
   MASTER_USER='repl',
   MASTER_PASSWORD='new3cret',
   MASTER_USE_GTID=slave_pos;
START SLAVE;

The maximum length of the MASTER_HOST string is 60 characters until MariaDB 10.5, and 255 characters from MariaDB 10.6.

MASTER_PORT

The MASTER_PORT option for CHANGE MASTER defines the TCP/IP port of the primary.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_HOST='dbserver1.example.com',
   MASTER_PORT=3307,
   MASTER_USER='repl',
   MASTER_PASSWORD='new3cret',
   MASTER_USE_GTID=slave_pos;
START SLAVE;

MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY

The MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY option for CHANGE MASTER defines how many seconds that the replica will wait between connection retries. The default is 60.

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=20;
START SLAVE;

The number of connection attempts is limited by the master_retry_count option. It can be set either on the command-line or in a server option group in an option file prior to starting up the server. For example:

[mariadb]
...
master_retry_count=4294967295

MASTER_BIND

MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD

The MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD option for CHANGE MASTER can be used to set the interval in seconds between replication heartbeats. Whenever the primary's binary log is updated with an event, the waiting period for the next heartbeat is reset.

This option's interval argument has the following characteristics:

• It is a decimal value with a range of 0 to 4294967 seconds.
• It has a resolution of hundredths of a second.
• Its smallest valid non-zero value is 0.001.
• Its default value is the value of the slave_net_timeout system variable divided by 2.
• If it's set to 0, then heartbeats are disabled.

Heartbeats are sent by the primary only if there are no unsent events in the binary log file for a period longer than the interval.

If the RESET SLAVE statement is executed, then the heartbeat interval is reset to the default.

TLS Options

The TLS options are used for providing information about TLS. The options can be set even on replicas that are compiled without TLS support. The TLS options are saved to either the default master.info file or the file that is configured by the master_info_file option, but these TLS options are ignored unless the replica supports TLS.

See Replication with Secure Connections for more information.

MASTER_SSL

The MASTER_SSL option for CHANGE MASTER tells the replica whether to force TLS for the connection. The valid values are 0 or 1. Required to be set to 1 for the other MASTER_SSL* options to have any effect.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_SSL=1;
START SLAVE;

MASTER_SSL_CA

The MASTER_SSL_CA option for CHANGE MASTER defines a path to a PEM file that should contain one or more X509 certificates for trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs) to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-cert.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-key.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_CA='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT=1;
START SLAVE;

See Secure Connections Overview: Certificate Authorities (CAs) for more information.

The maximum length of MASTER_SSL_CA string is 511 characters.

MASTER_SSL_CAPATH

The MASTER_SSL_CAPATH option for CHANGE MASTER defines a path to a directory that contains one or more PEM files that should each contain one X509 certificate for a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path. The directory specified by this option needs to be run through the openssl rehash command.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-cert.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-key.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_CAPATH='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca/',
   MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT=1;
START SLAVE;

See Secure Connections Overview: Certificate Authorities (CAs) for more information.

The maximum length of MASTER_SSL_CA_PATH string is 511 characters.

MASTER_SSL_CERT

The MASTER_SSL_CERT option for CHANGE MASTER defines a path to the X509 certificate file to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-cert.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-key.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_CA='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT=1;
START SLAVE;

The maximum length of MASTER_SSL_CERT string is 511 characters.

MASTER_SSL_CRL

The MASTER_SSL_CRL option for CHANGE MASTER defines a path to a PEM file that should contain one or more revoked X509 certificates to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path.

This option is only supported if the server was built with OpenSSL. If the server was built with yaSSL, then this option is not supported. See TLS and Cryptography Libraries Used by MariaDB for more information about which libraries are used on which platforms.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-cert.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-key.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_CA='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT=1,
   MASTER_SSL_CRL='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/crl.pem';
START SLAVE;

See Secure Connections Overview: Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) for more information.

The maximum length of MASTER_SSL_CRL string is 511 characters.

MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH

The MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH option for CHANGE MASTER defines a path to a directory that contains one or more PEM files that should each contain one revoked X509 certificate to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path. The directory specified by this variable needs to be run through the openssl rehash command.

This option is only supported if the server was built with OpenSSL. If the server was built with yaSSL, then this option is not supported. See TLS and Cryptography Libraries Used by MariaDB for more information about which libraries are used on which platforms.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-cert.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-key.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_CA='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT=1,
   MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/crl/';
START SLAVE;

See Secure Connections Overview: Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) for more information.

The maximum length of MASTER_SSL_CRL_PATH string is 511 characters.

MASTER_SSL_KEY

The MASTER_SSL_KEY option for CHANGE MASTER defines a path to a private key file to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-cert.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-key.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_CA='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT=1;
START SLAVE;

The maximum length of MASTER_SSL_KEY string is 511 characters.

MASTER_SSL_CIPHER

The MASTER_SSL_CIPHER option for CHANGE MASTER defines the list of permitted ciphers or cipher suites to use for TLS. Besides cipher names, if MariaDB was compiled with OpenSSL, this option could be set to "SSLv3" or "TLSv1.2" to allow all SSLv3 or all TLSv1.2 ciphers. Note that the TLSv1.3 ciphers cannot be excluded when using OpenSSL, even by using this option. See Using TLSv1.3 for details.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-cert.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-key.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_CA='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT=1,
   MASTER_SSL_CIPHER='TLSv1.2';
START SLAVE;

The maximum length of MASTER_SSL_CIPHER string is 511 characters.

MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT

The MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT option for CHANGE MASTER enables server certificate verification. This option is disabled by default prior to MariaDB 11.3.0, and enabled by default from MariaDB 11.3.0.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-cert.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/server-key.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_CA='/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem',
   MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT=1;
START SLAVE;

See Secure Connections Overview: Server Certificate Verification for more information.

Binary Log Options

These options are related to the binary log position on the primary.

MASTER_LOG_FILE

The MASTER_LOG_FILE option for CHANGE MASTER can be used along with MASTER_LOG_POS to specify the coordinates at which the replica's I/O thread should begin reading from the primary's binary logs the next time the thread starts.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_LOG_FILE='master2-bin.001',
   MASTER_LOG_POS=4;
START SLAVE;

MASTER_LOG_POS

The MASTER_LOG_POS option for CHANGE MASTER can be used along with MASTER_LOG_FILE to specify the coordinates at which the replica's I/O thread should begin reading from the primary's binary logs the next time the thread starts.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_LOG_FILE='master2-bin.001',
   MASTER_LOG_POS=4;
START SLAVE;

Relay Log Options

These options are related to the relay log position on the replica.

RELAY_LOG_FILE

The RELAY_LOG_FILE option for CHANGE MASTER can be used along with the RELAY_LOG_POS option to specify the coordinates at which the replica's SQL thread should begin reading from the relay log the next time the thread starts.

The CHANGE MASTER statement usually deletes all relay log files. However, if the RELAY_LOG_FILE and/or RELAY_LOG_POS options are specified, then existing relay log files are kept.

When you want to change the relay log position, you only need to stop the replica's SQL thread. The replica's I/O thread can continue running. The STOP SLAVE and START SLAVE statements support the SQL_THREAD option for this scenario. For example:

STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   RELAY_LOG_FILE='slave-relay-bin.006',
   RELAY_LOG_POS=4025;
START SLAVE SQL_THREAD;

When the value of this option is changed, the metadata about the replica's SQL thread's position in the relay logs will also be changed in the relay-log.info file or the file that is configured by the relay_log_info_file system variable.

RELAY_LOG_POS

The RELAY_LOG_POS option for CHANGE MASTER can be used along with the RELAY_LOG_FILE option to specify the coordinates at which the replica's SQL thread should begin reading from the relay log the next time the thread starts.

The CHANGE MASTER statement usually deletes all relay log files. However, if the RELAY_LOG_FILE and/or RELAY_LOG_POS options are specified, then existing relay log files are kept.

When you want to change the relay log position, you only need to stop the replica's SQL thread. The replica's I/O thread can continue running. The STOP SLAVE and START SLAVE statements support the SQL_THREAD option for this scenario. For example:

STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   RELAY_LOG_FILE='slave-relay-bin.006',
   RELAY_LOG_POS=4025;
START SLAVE SQL_THREAD;

When the value of this option is changed, the metadata about the replica's SQL thread's position in the relay logs will also be changed in the relay-log.info file or the file that is configured by the relay_log_info_file system variable.

GTID Options

MASTER_USE_GTID

The MASTER_USE_GTID option for CHANGE MASTER can be used to configure the replica to use the global transaction ID (GTID) when connecting to a primary. The possible values are:

• current_pos - Replicate in GTID mode and use gtid_current_pos as the position to start downloading transactions from the primary. Using to transition to primary can break the replication state if the replica executes local transactions due to actively updating gtid_current_pos with gtid_binlog_pos and gtid_slave_pos. Use the new, safe, MASTER_DEMOTE_TO_SLAVE=<bool> option instead.
• slave_pos - Replicate in GTID mode and use gtid_slave_pos as the position to start downloading transactions from the primary. From MariaDB 10.5.1, replica_pos is an alias for slave_pos.
• no - Don't replicate in GTID mode.

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_USE_GTID = current_pos;
START SLAVE;

Or:

STOP SLAVE;
SET GLOBAL gtid_slave_pos='0-1-153';
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_USE_GTID = slave_pos;
START SLAVE;

MASTER_DEMOTE_TO_SLAVE

For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_DEMOTE_TO_SLAVE = 1;
START SLAVE;

Replication Filter Options

Also see Replication filters.

IGNORE_SERVER_IDS

The IGNORE_SERVER_IDS option for CHANGE MASTER can be used to configure a replica to ignore binary log events that originated from certain servers. Filtered binary log events will not get logged to the replica’s relay log, and they will not be applied by the replica.

The option's value can be specified by providing a comma-separated list of server_id values. For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   IGNORE_SERVER_IDS = (3,5);
START SLAVE;

If you would like to clear a previously set list, then you can set the value to an empty list. For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   IGNORE_SERVER_IDS = ();
START SLAVE;

DO_DOMAIN_IDS

The DO_DOMAIN_IDS option for CHANGE MASTER can be used to configure a replica to only apply binary log events if the transaction's GTID is in a specific gtid_domain_id value. Filtered binary log events will not get logged to the replica’s relay log, and they will not be applied by the replica.

The option's value can be specified by providing a comma-separated list of gtid_domain_id values. Duplicate values are automatically ignored. For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   DO_DOMAIN_IDS = (1,2);
START SLAVE;

If you would like to clear a previously set list, then you can set the value to an empty list. For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   DO_DOMAIN_IDS = ();
START SLAVE;

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   IGNORE_DOMAIN_IDS = (), 
   DO_DOMAIN_IDS = (1,2);
START SLAVE;

IGNORE_DOMAIN_IDS

The IGNORE_DOMAIN_IDS option for CHANGE MASTER can be used to configure a replica to ignore binary log events if the transaction's GTID is in a specific gtid_domain_id value. Filtered binary log events will not get logged to the replica’s relay log, and they will not be applied by the replica.

The option's value can be specified by providing a comma-separated list of gtid_domain_id values. Duplicate values are automatically ignored. For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   IGNORE_DOMAIN_IDS = (1,2);
START SLAVE;

If you would like to clear a previously set list, then you can set the value to an empty list. For example:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   IGNORE_DOMAIN_IDS = ();
START SLAVE;

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   DO_DOMAIN_IDS = (), 
   IGNORE_DOMAIN_IDS = (1,2);
START SLAVE;

Delayed Replication Options

MASTER_DELAY

The MASTER_DELAY option for CHANGE MASTER can be used to enable delayed replication. This option specifies the time in seconds (at least) that a replica should lag behind the primary up to a maximum value of 2147483647, or about 68 years. Before executing an event, the replica will first wait, if necessary, until the given time has passed since the event was created on the primary. The result is that the replica will reflect the state of the primary some time back in the past. The default is zero, no delay.

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   MASTER_DELAY=3600;
START SLAVE;

Changing Option Values

If you don't specify a given option when executing the CHANGE MASTER statement, then the option keeps its old value in most cases. Most of the time, there is no need to specify the options that do not need to change. For example, if the password for the user account that the replica uses to connect to its primary has changed, but no other options need to change, then you can just change the MASTER_PASSWORD option by executing the following commands:

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO 
   MASTER_PASSWORD='new3cret';
START SLAVE;

There are some cases where options are implicitly reset, such as when the MASTER_HOST and MASTER_PORT options are changed.

Option Persistence

The values of the MASTER_LOG_FILE and MASTER_LOG_POS options (i.e. the binary log position on the primary) and most other options are written to either the default master.info file or the file that is configured by the master_info_file option. The replica's I/O thread keeps this binary log position updated as it downloads events only when MASTER_USE_GTID option is set to NO. Otherwise the file is not updated on a per event basis.

The master_info_file option can be set either on the command-line or in a server option group in an option file prior to starting up the server. For example:

[mariadb]
...
master_info_file=/mariadb/myserver1-master.info

The values of the RELAY_LOG_FILE and RELAY_LOG_POS options (i.e. the relay log position) are written to either the default relay-log.info file or the file that is configured by the relay_log_info_file system variable. The replica's SQL thread keeps this relay log position updated as it applies events.

The relay_log_info_file system variable can be set either on the command-line or in a server option group in an option file prior to starting up the server. For example:

[mariadb]
...
relay_log_info_file=/mariadb/myserver1-relay-log.info

GTID Persistence

If the replica is replicating binary log events that contain GTIDs, then the replica's SQL thread will write every GTID that it applies to the mysql.gtid_slave_pos table. This GTID can be inspected and modified through the gtid_slave_pos system variable.

If the replica has the log_slave_updates system variable enabled and if the replica has the binary log enabled, then every write by the replica's SQL thread will also go into the replica's binary log. This means that GTIDs of replicated transactions would be reflected in the value of the gtid_binlog_pos system variable.

Creating a Replica from a Backup

The CHANGE MASTER statement is useful for setting up a replica when you have a backup of the primary and you also have the binary log position or GTID position corresponding to the backup.

After restoring the backup on the replica, you could execute something like this to use the binary log position:

CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_LOG_FILE='master2-bin.001',
   MASTER_LOG_POS=4;
START SLAVE;

Or you could execute something like this to use the GTID position:

SET GLOBAL gtid_slave_pos='0-1-153';
CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_USE_GTID=slave_pos;
START SLAVE;

See Setting up a Replication Slave with Mariabackup for more information on how to do this with Mariabackup.

Example

The following example changes the primary and primary's binary log coordinates. This is used when you want to set up the replica to replicate the primary:

CHANGE MASTER TO
   MASTER_HOST='master2.mycompany.com',
   MASTER_USER='replication',
   MASTER_PASSWORD='bigs3cret',
   MASTER_PORT=3306,
   MASTER_LOG_FILE='master2-bin.001',
   MASTER_LOG_POS=4,
   MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10;
START SLAVE;

See Also

• Setting up replication
• START SLAVE
• Multi-source replication
• RESET SLAVE. Removes a connection created with CHANGE MASTER TO.
• Global Transaction ID