The Ultimate Guide to High Availability with MariaDB
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Problem with the Galera wsrep_sst_method xtrabackup-v2

We are trying to create a Galera cluster. We have our first node running. We want to use xtrabackup to initialize the 2nd cluster node. We are getting error: 

2016-03-04 22:56:20 140441685063424 [ERROR] WSREP: Failed to read 'ready <addr>' from: wsrep_sst_xtrabackup-v2 --role 'joiner' --address '130.9.221.48' --datadir '//opt/app/mysql/data/'   --parent '28544' --binlog '//opt/app/mysql/binlogs/mysql-bin'
        Read: '(null)'
2016-03-04 22:56:20 140441685063424 [ERROR] WSREP: Process completed with error: wsrep_sst_xtrabackup-v2 --role 'joiner' --address '130.9.221.48' --datadir '//opt/app/mysql/data/'   --parent '28544' --binlog '//opt/app/mysql/binlogs/mysql-bin' : 1 (Operation not permitted)
2016-03-04 22:56:20 140441697642240 [ERROR] WSREP: Failed to prepare for 'xtrabackup-v2' SST. Unrecoverable.
2016-03-04 22:56:20 140441697642240 [ERROR] Aborting

Answer Answered by Andy Ferretti in this comment.

Just want to let you know that we did solve the problem. I will be repeating the tests that I performed with rsync using xtrabackup now. To fix the xtrabackup problem, we had two issues:

  1. . socat install problem. We went back a level to 1.7.2.4 and it installed OK.
  2. . We have MariaDB and xtrabackup installed in non-default locations. We had to setup environmental variables in wsrep_sst_xtrabackup-v2. We added a couple lines
    1. $(dirname $0)/wsrep_sst_common << after this line we added 2 lines below: 
## Execute environmental variables for MySQL
. ${HOME}/.local

Here are the contents of our .local file:

$ cat .local
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${HOME}/local/lib/
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=:${HOME}/local/lib/
export LD_LIB_PATH=${HOME}/local/lib/
export LD_LIB_PATH=:${HOME}/local/lib/
export MB=//opt/app/mysql/product/percona-xtrabackup-2.4.1-Linux-x86_64
export MD=//opt/app/mysql/data
export MH=//opt/app/mysql/product/mariadb-10.1.12-linux-x86_64
export ML=//opt/app/mysql/log
export MYSQL_BACKUP_HOME=//opt/app/mysql/product/percona-xtrabackup-2.4.1-Linux-x86_64
export MYSQL_HOME=//opt/app/mysql/product/mariadb-10.1.12-linux-x86_64
export MYSQL_LOCAL_HOME=//opt/app/mysql/local
export PATH=${HOME}/local/bin:$PATH
export PATH=${MYSQL_BACKUP_HOME}/bin:${PATH}
export PATH=${MYSQL_HOME}/bin:${PATH}
export PATH=${MYSQL_LOCAL_HOME}/bin:${PATH}
export PYTHONPATH=${HOME}/local/lib
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