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DATE_FORMAT

Syntax

DATE_FORMAT(date, format[, locale])

Contents

  1. Syntax
  2. Description
  3. Examples
  4. See Also

Description

Formats the date value according to the format string.

The language used for the names is controlled by the value of the lc_time_names system variable. See server locale for more on the supported locales.

The options that can be used by DATE_FORMAT(), as well as its inverse STR_TO_DATE() and the FROM_UNIXTIME() function, are:

OptionDescription
%aShort weekday name in current locale (Variable lc_time_names).
%bShort form month name in current locale. For locale en_US this is one of: Jan,Feb,Mar,Apr,May,Jun,Jul,Aug,Sep,Oct,Nov or Dec.
%cMonth with 1 or 2 digits.
%DDay with English suffix 'th', 'nd', 'st' or 'rd''. (1st, 2nd, 3rd...).
%dDay with 2 digits.
%eDay with 1 or 2 digits.
%fMicroseconds 6 digits.
%HHour with 2 digits between 00-23.
%hHour with 2 digits between 01-12.
%IHour with 2 digits between 01-12.
%iMinute with 2 digits.
%jDay of the year (001-366)
%kHour with 1 digits between 0-23.
%lHour with 1 digits between 1-12.
%MFull month name in current locale (Variable lc_time_names).
%mMonth with 2 digits.
%pAM/PM according to current locale (Variable lc_time_names).
%rTime in 12 hour format, followed by AM/PM. Short for '%I:%i:%S %p'.
%SSeconds with 2 digits.
%sSeconds with 2 digits.
%TTime in 24 hour format. Short for '%H:%i:%S'.
%UWeek number (00-53), when first day of the week is Sunday.
%uWeek number (00-53), when first day of the week is Monday.
%VWeek number (01-53), when first day of the week is Sunday. Used with %X.
%vWeek number (01-53), when first day of the week is Monday. Used with %x.
%WFull weekday name in current locale (Variable lc_time_names).
%wDay of the week. 0 = Sunday, 6 = Saturday.
%XYear with 4 digits when first day of the week is Sunday. Used with %V.
%xYear with 4 digits when first day of the week is Monday. Used with %v.
%YYear with 4 digits.
%yYear with 2 digits.
%ZTimezone abbreviation. From MariaDB 11.3.0.
%zNumeric timezone +hhmm or -hhmm presenting the hour and minute offset from UTC. From MariaDB 11.3.0.
%#For str_to_date(), skip all numbers.
%.For str_to_date(), skip all punctation characters.
%@For str_to_date(), skip all alpha characters.
%%A literal % character.

To get a date in one of the standard formats, GET_FORMAT() can be used.

Examples

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2009-10-04 22:23:00', '%W %M %Y');
+------------------------------------------------+
| DATE_FORMAT('2009-10-04 22:23:00', '%W %M %Y') |
+------------------------------------------------+
| Sunday October 2009                            |
+------------------------------------------------+

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2007-10-04 22:23:00', '%H:%i:%s');
+------------------------------------------------+
| DATE_FORMAT('2007-10-04 22:23:00', '%H:%i:%s') |
+------------------------------------------------+
| 22:23:00                                       |
+------------------------------------------------+

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1900-10-04 22:23:00', '%D %y %a %d %m %b %j');
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| DATE_FORMAT('1900-10-04 22:23:00', '%D %y %a %d %m %b %j') |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 4th 00 Thu 04 10 Oct 277                                   |
+------------------------------------------------------------+

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00', '%H %k %I %r %T %S %w');
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00', '%H %k %I %r %T %S %w') |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 22 22 10 10:23:00 PM 22:23:00 00 6                         |
+------------------------------------------------------------+

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1999-01-01', '%X %V');
+------------------------------------+
| DATE_FORMAT('1999-01-01', '%X %V') |
+------------------------------------+
| 1998 52                            |
+------------------------------------+

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2006-06-00', '%d');
+---------------------------------+
| DATE_FORMAT('2006-06-00', '%d') |
+---------------------------------+
| 00                              |
+---------------------------------+

Optionally, the locale can be explicitly specified as the third DATE_FORMAT() argument. Doing so makes the function independent from the session settings, and the three argument version of DATE_FORMAT() can be used in virtual indexed and persistent generated-columns:

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2006-01-01', '%W', 'el_GR');
+------------------------------------------+
| DATE_FORMAT('2006-01-01', '%W', 'el_GR') |
+------------------------------------------+
| Κυριακή                                  |
+------------------------------------------+

From MariaDB 11.3, the timezone information:

SELECT DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%W %d %M %Y %H:%i:%s %Z %z');
+--------------------------------------------------+
| DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%W %d %M %Y %H:%i:%s %Z %z') |
+--------------------------------------------------+
| Wednesday 20 September 2023 15:00:23 SAST +0200  |
+--------------------------------------------------+

See Also

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